IQ,grit, and academic achievement: Evidence from rural China     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2021

Promoting an educated labor force is critical for emerging economies. Educational achievement, in turn, depends heavily on general cognitive abilities as well as non-cognitive skills, such as grit. Current research, however, has not examined how cognition and grit may explain the academic performance of students in an economically disadvantaged context. Thus, this study examines how IQ and grit contribute to academic achievement gains for students in poor areas of rural China. Drawing on data from 2931 students in rural China, we measure general cognitive ability, using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) and Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (Raven IQ); non-cognitive ability, using the Short Grit Scale; and academic achievement, using a curricular-based mathematics exam. We find that IQ and grit each predict achievement gains for the average student. Grit is not positively associated with achievement gains among low-IQ students, however, suggesting that grit does not translate into academic achievement gains for students with delays in general cognitive ability.  相似文献   

The Choice of Academic Profession: Class Taste or Personal Opportunities     

Yan Guangcai 《Chinese Education & Society》2020,53(3):80-96

Abstract

From a historical perspective, it was only in the modern era that the academic profession was favored by the middle and upper classes who came to dominate it. This article shows that, in contemporary China, the pattern of the middle and upper classes dominating the academic profession results from their families having a good early education and access to educational resources, although these advantages decrease through the years of schooling as they are replaced by the effects of the institution. Overall, class differences behind the choice of academic profession result from the differences in economic conditions of families and the inequality in resource distribution at all levels of education, rather than class culture and taste. Therefore, it is essential to implement a strategy to prioritize education, to enrich educational resources for all, and to extend the years of schooling for all. This will not only improve the quality of the workforce, develop personal potential, and cultivate creative and highly talented people, but also help to promote the development of society and steadily build a harmonious and orderly society.  相似文献   

Language use in kindergarten science lessons: language production and academic language during a video feedback coaching intervention in kindergarten science lessons     

Astrid Menninga  Marijn van Dijk  Annemie Wetzels  Henderien Steenbeek  Paul van Geert 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2017,23(1-2):26-51

This paper aims to gain insight into language production and academic language of 4- and 5-year-old students and their teachers in the course of a teacher intervention during kindergarten science education. The study is based on videotaped classroom observations, and specifically focuses on the academic language use of students (N_intervention = 18, N_controls = 26) and teachers (N_intervention = 5, N_controls = 5). The results suggest that this general teacher intervention yields interesting changes in language use and production. Patterns of change over time confirm the idiosyncratic and non-linear nature of these changes. Science lessons represent an appropriate context in which to acquaint students with academic language, which can be used as a basis to build upon more sophisticated language skills.  相似文献   

段玉裁《说文解字注》的整体观照     

卢凤鹏 《贵州教育学院学报》2008,24(8):69-73

清代段玉裁的《说文解字注》不仅是一部研究《说文》的专著,同时也是训诂学理论与实践的典范之作。段氏在训诂理论上的贡献,对今天的训诂学理论的建立和古籍整理仍具有重要的指导意义,值得认真总结。从整体性上观照,《说文解字注》一书主要体现在实事求是的哲学思想背景、逻辑严密的论证系统、不泥旧注的学术创新、广阔而深邃的学术视野等几方面。  相似文献   

高校图书馆读者文献需求情况简析     

孟春红 《沧州师专学报》2002,18(4):71-72

就高校图书馆读的借阅规律以及影响他们入馆的因素进行了分析，并且提出了读对图书馆的意见或建议。  相似文献   

Academic Publishing in English: Exploring Linguistic Privilege and Scholars’ Trajectories     

Josep Soler 《Journal of Language, Identity & Education》2019,18(6):389-399

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the trajectories of six young academics (early-stage researchers) currently active in the context of Swedish academia in two different fields: English Linguistics and Political Science. Through a series of narrative interviews, the analysis investigates the development of their scholarly work, the relationship with their texts, and the negotiation of their position as contributors to their academic field. The paper discusses issues of language attitudinal and ideological nature, emphasising the need to focus on writers, rather than texts. The discussion revolves around the role of access to scholarly networks and to quality publication outlets as some of the key factors in shaping their development as young scholars and enabling opportunities to publish in highly-ranked journals. The goal of the article is to contextualise and problematize the notion of “privilege” that is customarily attributed to L1 English-speaking scholars, and to provide a more nuanced understanding of how young academics tackle the publishing enterprise.  相似文献   

基于GIS空间数据的地图印前技术探讨     

廖义杰 《衡阳师范学院学报》2005,26(6):101-103

地图印前技术是GIS桌面制图与印前系统紧密结合并共同前行的一项技术。本文从分析GIS空间数据的特征及其应用于地图印前的欠缺之处出发，探讨了基于GIS空间数据的地图印前技术中图层的组织、符号库的管理、字库的选择、地图标注的应用等关键问题，  相似文献   

On becoming a doctoral student: Chinese doctoral students’ socialization of capital and habitus in academia     

Tsung-han Weng 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2020,41(4):555-573

Abstract

This study examines Chinese international doctoral students’ academic socialization into TESOL discourses and communities. Rooted in the academic discourse socialization theory, complemented by the notions of Lave and Wenger’s community of practice, and Bourdieu’s capital, habitus, and field, this longitudinal multiple-case study suggest the focal participants’ academic discourse socialization is mediated by their participation in communities of practice, different forms of capital, and habitus in exerting agency. The participants are socialized into academic discourses and communities through their interactions with more experienced colleagues. By participating in the communities of practice, the focal students gain different forms of capital and experience different degrees of competence and memberships. However, due to the inequitable power relations in the TESOL doctoral program field, each participant is socialized to varying levels of central, peripheral, and marginal participation. This study concludes by providing suggestions for action to be taken by university advisors, instructors, and administrators.  相似文献   

Individual differences in achievement goals: A longitudinal study of cognitive, emotional, and achievement outcomes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Lia M. Daniels  Tara L. Haynes  Robert H. Stupnisky  Raymond P. Perry  Nancy E. Newall  Reinhard Pekrun 《Contemporary educational psychology》2008,33(4):584-608

Within achievement goal theory debate remains regarding the adaptiveness of certain combinations of goals. Assuming a multiple-goals perspective, we used cluster analysis to classify 1002 undergraduate students according to their mastery and performance-approach goals. Four clusters emerged, representing different goal combinations: high mastery/performance (i.e., multiple goals), dominant mastery, dominant performance, and low mastery/performance (i.e., low motivation). In a longitudinal analysis over one academic year, the clusters were compared on cognitive appraisals (expected achievement, perceived success), achievement-related emotions (enjoyment, boredom, anxiety), and objective measures of academic achievement (final grade in Introductory Psychology, GPA). The low-motivation cluster demonstrated the least adaptive profile across all outcomes. The multiple-goals, mastery, and performance clusters showed equivalent levels of achievement; however, students in the performance cluster were more psychologically and emotionally vulnerable than the multiple-goals and mastery clusters. Our discussion focuses on the immediate and potentially long-term implications of specific goal combinations for students and educators, with particular attention to understanding the cognitive and emotional vulnerabilities of students in the performance cluster which appear despite satisfactory achievement levels.  相似文献   

Do peer relationships mediate the association between children’s facial emotion recognition ability and their academic attainment? Findings from the ALSPAC study     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

We examined whether children’s facial emotion recognition ability predicted their academic attainment over time, and whether peer relationships mediated that association. A secondary aim was to test whether the putative causal pathways would be significantly different for boys and girls. The model was tested using data from The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a prospective longitudinal cohort population. Facial emotion recognition ability was assessed using the Diagnostic Assessment of Non-Verbal Accuracy (DANVA) at age 8.5 years while academic attainment was measured using data on UK Key Stage 4 (General Certificate of Secondary Education) at 16 years (outcome). The teacher’s version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to measure children’s peer relationship problems at 10–11 years (mediator). We adjusted for area-level socio-economic status and child’s early academic attainment, and examined whether mediation was moderated by sex. The results showed that low facial emotion recognition ability in childhood was associated with low academic attainment at age 16 years. There was evidence of mediation via peer problems, with an estimated 19% of the total effect mediated by errors in emotion recognition. Further analyses showed that there was no difference in mediation for boys versus girls. The findings suggest that children’s facial emotion recognition ability and peer relationships should be potential targets for programmes that aim to improve children’s educational attainment and their social and emotional competence.  相似文献